Make A Doll Bed Out Of Wood

A doll bed can be easily made at home using wood and only a few basic woodworking tools. Balsa wood is a popular choice for doll furniture because it is easy to work with. If the bed is intended to be used for a child's toy, harder woods would be preferable because as balsa wood is easily damaged. Other wood choices can include knot-free pine or hardwoods like oak or maple, which can be cut using a jigsaw. This bed is six inches long, suitable for a dollhouse, but the same design can be scaled for larger dolls.

Instructions

Measurements and Cutting

1. Measure two pieces of 1/4-inch by 1/4-inch square wood to a length of 3 5/8 inches for the headboard legs. Measure two pieces 2 5/8 inches long for the footboard legs. Measure two pieces 4 1/2 inches long for the top rails, which will go on the headboard and footboard. Draw lines across the wood at these marks using a metal square to make sure the lines are square to the sides of the wood.

2. Measure two pieces of 1/8-inch by 1/2-inch wood to a length of 5 1/2 inches for the tops of the headboard and footboard.

3. Measure two pieces of 1/4-inch by 3/4-inch wood to a length of 4 1/2 inches. These are for the headboard and footboard bottom rails.

4. Measure two pieces of 1/8-inch by 3/4-inch wood to a length of 6 1/4 inches for the side rails of the bed, which will run beneath the sides of the mattress.

5. Measure one piece of 1/8-inch by 1-inch wood to a length of 2 1/8 inches for the headboard center spindle, which will connect the top and bottom rails in the middle of the headboard. Measure another piece 1 1/8 inches for the footboard spindle. Measure three pieces to a length of 4 5/8 inches for the mattress supports, which will be attached to the side rails to support the mattress.

6. Cut each piece above using a jig saw. Then sand each piece using a fine grit sandpaper.

Assembling and Gluing

7. Place the top and bottom rail of the headboard on a flat surface about two inches apart from each other. Mark the center of each rail with a ruler and pencil.

8. Apply glue to the ends of the headboard spindle with a brush and place it between the rails in the center of each piece. Apply glue to the sides of the rails and place the headboard legs beside them so the top of the legs and top rail are flush. Put two clamps on the rails, one vertically and one horizontally, to keep all the pieces together. Wait for the glue to dry.

9. Repeat Steps 1 and 2 to assemble the footboard.

10. Place the two side rails on a flat surface on their edges and parallel to each other about 4 5/8 inches apart. Place a piece of scrap wood 1/8 inch thick between the rails.

11. Place two mattress supports on the scrap wood between the rails at each end. Align them so the corners are square and flush. Place a third mattress support in the middle.

12. Brush glue onto the ends of each mattress support and then glue them to the rails. The scrap wood will keep the supports 1/8 inch from the bottom of each rail. Clamp the pieces together until the glue has dried.

13. Place the footboard and headboard against the rails. Mark where the wood meets with a pencil. Brush glue onto the wood and reassemble the pieces. Clamp the pieces together until the glue has dried.

14. Sand any glue from the joints. Paint the bed frame any color you choose.

15. Cut a piece of 1-inch foam rubber to a size of 6 1/8 inches by 4 1/2 inches. Place this on the bed to serve as a mattress.

16. Cut two pieces of 9-inch by 7-inch fabric. Fold these around the mattress to serve as bed sheets.

Tags: length inches, Measure pieces, wood length, wood length inches, which will, between rails

Protect Orange Trees From Freezing

Orange

Orange and other citrus trees do not tolerate cold weather well and can suffer damage when exposed to frost or freezing temperatures. If below-freezing temperatures are expected, protect your orange trees, or they may not survive. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Protect Orange Trees from Freezing

1. Use a hose to water the canopy of the tree and the ground around the tree. You may need to add more water to the tree leaves, if the cold weather lasts more than a day.

2. Wrap a blanket, towel or burlap sack around the tree's bud union. This is the part of the tree where the roots and the scion come together and should be recognizable by a change in the color and/or texture of the tree's bark.

3. Hang a shop light or other light containing an incandescent bulb in the tree to provide heat. Be careful that you do not mix water and electricity when you are hanging the light in the tree or adding water to the tree's canopy.

4. Cover the tree with blankets or another heavy cloth. The cloth should cover the tree completely and reach all the way to the ground.

5. Use the stakes and a hammer to secure the blanket covering the tree to the ground.

6. Uncover the tree and remove the lamp, as soon as the danger of frost and freezing has passed.

Tags: around tree, cold weather, frost freezing, Protect Orange, Protect Orange Trees, tree ground

Primitive And Antique Furniture History

The earliest furniture was made when nomadic people began to settle in one place.

Furniture design and production developed according to social, cultural, political and economic issues. For example, peasants during the Middle Ages owned a few, simply made pieces of furniture such as a trunk and a few stools. During the time of Louis XIV, the Baroque era, the king had tables and thrones made from silver.

Egyptian, Greek and Roman Furniture

Early furniture was made mostly for the wealthy and nobility. Seating furniture and tables were most common. Painted and carved decoration depicted religious and political images.

Furniture from the Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages (fifth through 16th centuries), the most sophisticated furniture was created for churches and high-level church personnel. Carved or painted decoration showed motifs related to church and nature.

Renaissance and Baroque Furniture

The Renaissance and Baroque eras (1450 to 1750) utilized more elaborate furniture construction techniques. Furniture makers created more types of furniture such as large armoires, cupboards for storage. Carved and inlaid decoration was popular.

Rococo Furniture

Rococo furniture (1735 to 1775) included smaller chairs and tables. Furniture was lighter in weight and color, and the nature-based decoration was very feminine.

Neoclassical Furniture

Neoclassical furniture (1765 to 1840) used straight lines and simple decorations. The geometric shape was prominent in all furniture types. Large bookcases became popular.

Nineteenth-Century Revival Furniture

Nineteenth-century furniture mimicked earlier furniture styles. Egyptian revival, Gothic revival and rococo revival were a few of the styles. Mass production techniques were introduced. The construction and decoration used new materials.

Tags: Middle Ages, furniture made, furniture such, Renaissance Baroque

Make A Cover For My 100 Pound Propane Tank

a bungee cord can help secure a propane tank under a cover.

A 100-pound propane tank is just under 4 feet tall and just more than 2 feet in width. A 100-pound propane tank is named such for its propane capacity of 100 pounds. The tank itself, filled to capacity, weighs about 170 pounds. Covering a propane tank can keep it clean from dust and dirt and safe from rust and precipitation damage. A cover can easily be made with a tarp and a few bungee cords. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Set the propane tank out in an open and level area. Make sure the valve is tightly turned to a closed position to prevent unwanted leakage.

2. Open up the tarp. Place it over the propane tank in a centered fashion. Smooth the tarp down over the tank and tuck the flaps under the bottom so the weight of the tank can contribute to keeping the tarp on it.

3. Stretch the bungee cords around the tarp-covered tank and connect the hooks together. The three bungee cords should be placed in an equidistant fashion from the bottom of the tank.

4. Use the scissors to cut a hole in the top of the tarp if you wish to have access to the valve while the tank is covered.

Tags: propane tank, bungee cords, 100-pound propane, 100-pound propane tank, propane tank

Traditional Victorian Furniture

Victorian furniture is known for its elaborate design.

Victorian furniture is known to be intricate and heavily decorated, but there were many things that made this type of furniture unique. Victorian furniture is a perfect choice for someone who loves detail and natural wood, and learning more about this type of furniture can help you decide if it is for you. Does this Spark an idea?

Features

While there were several different looks and trends that were in style during the Victorian era, traditional Victorian furniture had many notable features. It tended to be made of heavy wood that was often highly carved. The upholstery was often decorated or secured with cloth or leather buttons, and the chairs featured spoon or balloon backs. Chairs for women were constructed without arms to allow for wide skirts.

History

One of the things that distinguished the Victorian era was the emergence of the middle class. Queen Victoria of England, who gave the era its name, identified strongly with the middle class, and the popular furniture of the era was made to cater to the people who increasingly had money to spend on fine home ornamentation. Furniture was seen as a status symbol, and many homes were quite crowded with chairs, tables and cabinets.

Time Frame

To be traditional Victorian furniture, the furniture must have been made during the reign of England's Queen Victoria, which stretched from 1837 to 1901. This designation includes both pieces that were produced by small designers and exclusive shops as well as mass-produced pieces. It can encompass a wide variety of styles and quality.

Types

The Victorian era lasted more than 60 years, and there were many styles of furniture that came into fashion and went back out again during its span. The Gothic Revival style featured trefoils, spires and arches in its furniture design, while the Renaissance Revival had furniture that used inlaid panels, burl panels, gilt incising and many human and animal features. The Rococo Revival showed a great deal of French influence and utilized natural motifs like flowers and shells. These are three of the main styles, but there were many more that were similarly popular.

Production

Early Victorian furniture was all made by hand, but hand-crafted pieces were quickly outnumbered by machine-made furniture. The designers were no longer in direct contact with the customer and due to the high demand and the increased production ability, many pieces started becoming standardized for speed of manufacture.

Identification

While some designers put labels or stamps on all of their furniture pieces, there were many more who did not. Identifying the creator and manufacturer of a piece of Victorian furniture can take time and an attention to detail, but identifying furniture from the Victorian era is less complicated.

Tags: Victorian furniture, there were, there were many, were many, that were, furniture known, furniture made

Make A Club Song

A club song can be a one-way ticket to notoriety for the musician who is just starting out his career. Though it seems like an enigma to produce, modern music-making technology has made it easier and faster to create your own songs. Computer composition tools are more accessible than ever, and they help the modern musician compose simple songs quickly and with precision. With some simple planning and creativity, you can create an energetic club song that could gain you some notoriety as a club music composer.

Instructions

Club Song

1. Consider the audience. Think about which type of club you'd like to play your song and begin composing your song based on the tastes of the guests at that type of club. If you are making a club song for a goth dance club, you will have to think differently than if you are creating a song for a techno dance club.

2. Get a beat. If you are using Reason software, the easiest way to get a beat started is to use the Redrum plugin. If you plan to make a club song for a dance club, you will most likely want your beat to be within the range of 90-120 beats per minute. Beats per minute is a measurement used to identify the tempo of a song, and dance songs generally fall within that range of tempo.

You must also consider the number of beats per measure; dance songs are usually 4/4 or 6/8 time, and waltz songs are 3/4 time. When reading the time signature as a fraction, the top part of the fraction indicates the number of beats per measure, and the denominator at the bottom indicates the type of beat. If the denominator is 4, the unit of measure is a quarter note, and it if the denominator is 8, the unit of measure is an 8th note. Thus, a 4/4 time signature indicates that there are four beats in each measure, and each beat is 1/4 of a whole measure. A 6/8 time indicates that there are 6 beats of 1/8 note length in each measure.

3. Get some sounds you like. Several of the plugins in the Reason music-making software allow you to import your own sounds. If you have an audio editing program such as Pro-Tools, you can easily import sounds and make your own drum beats and loops. The type of sounds you use will depend heavily on the style of club music you choose to make.

4. Get a vocal hook. Your hook is the central melodic idea of your song, and will be the part you repeat most often. If you are doing industrial or techno music, you can use a spoken hook, particularly an old radio announce clip, if you find one that says something interesting. In most other styles of club music, your hook will need to be a melodic chorus, possibly with lyrics that are simple and relevant to the club. You will know you have a good hook when you can't get it out of your head later.

5. Vary the beat. In standard composition training for popular dance songs, composers recommend changing something about the beat pattern or sound timbre once every 4th repetition. Psychological studies suggest that the brain begins to expect change on the 4th repetition of an idea, and continued repetition of the musical idea without variation can make the listener bored.

6. Add some finishing touches and lay the song down on a recording device or in recording software. Don't forget to copyright your music to protect your intellectual property from improper use or theft. Then, burn the song onto a CD, or convert it in iTunes and e-mail an MP3 sample to your local clubs.

Tags: club song, club music, club will, dance club, dance songs, your song

Write A Jobgetting Resume

Your confidence shows in a well-written resume.

A job-getting resume is key to ending your job search. Spend time crafting an outstanding resume that compels recruiters and hiring managers to want to know more about you and your talent. Showcase your expertise, qualifications and experience in a manner that says you're giving as much information as you can in a short document, but that you want the chance to articulate why you're the best candidate for the job in a face-to-face interview.

Instructions

1. Research university career web pages for resume formats to determine the type best suited for you -- functional, chronological or a combination of the two. A functional resume is useful for longtime workers with substantial work experience because it focuses on professional competencies instead of chronicling a long career path. A chronological format lists work experience in reverse order from the most recent to the earliest job. Creating a blended functional-chronological format is useful for some job seekers, but using this type of format could leave you with a resume that looks too cluttered.

2. Draft an introduction. An introduction contains two to three sentences about your qualifications, background and interest. If you have a remarkable reputation in your field, mention it. For example: "Award-winning, nationally acclaimed writer with 20-plus years in technical writing for the healthcare industry. Graduate degree in international communication; fluent in English, Spanish and German. Looking to join a multinational organization that values innovative communication, creativity and commitment. Available for relocation anywhere in the U.S., the EU or LATAM."

3. Create a table for your areas of expertise to place near the middle of your resume; its placement draws the reader's eye to one- and two-word areas where you excel, such as technical writing, healthcare industry or Web development. Use your word-processing program to execute the steps for a table made of three columns and three to four rows. That gives you nine to 12 spaces for your areas of expertise. Don't put your core competencies or professional traits in the section for areas of expertise. Areas of expertise are functional competencies such as an industry, a skill set or competency that uniquely qualifies you for the job you want.

4. Replace full sentences in your resume with brief, fragmented sentences that get right to the point of your job experience and expertise. Professional resume writers advise against using grammatically correct, full sentences. Your resume contains short descriptions -- it's not an essay or narrative life story. Certified professional resume writer Deborah Schuster says, "Fragmented sentences are correct in a resume." She doesn't include subjects in any of the resumes she produces for clients.

5. Get a list of action verbs. Boston College publishes an extensive list of verbs categorized into management, research, detail-oriented and teaching skills. Keep a list like this beside you as you compose descriptions for your jobs or your professional competencies. Avoid repeating the same often-used verbs, such as "managed," "monitored," or "reviewed." Be creative with words to wow the recruiter.

6. Put down the resume and pick it up the next day. Give your eyes a rest and review your resume with a fresh and rested perspective. Ensure that your resume is free from spelling or typographical errors -- that's one avoidable reason resumes get tossed aside by recruiters. Resumes that contain errors don't demonstrate an attention to detail from the job seeker.

7. Connect your resume to an online profile for a more extensive representation of your skills. Another presentation-related tip for resumes is preparing hard copies to hand to prospective employers. Spend a little extra to have your resume professionally typeset or copied onto impressive resume stock.

Tags: your resume, about your, areas expertise, full sentences, healthcare industry, professional competencies, resume that

Tricks To Lengthen Bamboo Blinds

Tricks to Lengthen Bamboo Blinds

Bamboo blinds filter light, add privacy and reduce excessive heat coming through windows. Bamboo provides the additional advantages of durability, sustainability and natural, warm colors. Sometimes getting a bamboo shade to fit creates a challenge. For a custom bamboo window treatment, modify the blinds. Use economical and attractive strategies to lengthen them. Does this Spark an idea?

Open at the Top

For bamboo blinds that are too short for a tall window, leave the top of the window uncovered if that won't compromise privacy. Use fishing line to hang the blind from above the window frame. Check that the blind extends all the way to the bottom of the window sill (or within a 1/2-inch from the floor), and leave the top of the window exposed. This creates an effect similar to tab-topped curtains, without the tabs. It's an effective look for tall windows and increases light.

For this window treatment, get some decorative screw-in hooks from a hardware store and some clear nylon fishing line. Use two hooks for blinds under 3 feet wide, and four hooks for wider blinds. Screw the hooks in above the window frame. Loop two or four lengths of fishing line through the top bar of the bamboo blinds. Have an assistant help determine the right length to tie the fishing line so the blind hangs straight with the end reaching to the bottom of the window (at the sill) to assure privacy.

Valance Top

To create the appearance of a longer bamboo blind, add a valance to the top of the window. Valances are short curtains to decorate the top of a window. They come in many styles, colors and fabrics. For an inconspicuous valance, select one in a color similar to the bamboo shade or match it to the wall. You could also make it part of the decorating scheme and choose colors from the room, such as the sofa color or an accent color to go with the room's accessories. The Southern Accents website features a bamboo shade and drapes window treatment; using a valance with bamboo blinds creates a similar effect, combining fabric with the natural bamboo.

This treatment will work for either an inside mount (mounted within the window frame) or an outside mount bamboo blind. For best results hang the valance so it extends from the outside of the frame on one side to the outside of the frame on the other (outside mount). Brylane Home website advises having window coverings extend to the window sill. Have an assistant hold the bamboo blind so the bottom of it reaches the bottom of the window. Measure from the top of the window's frame to the top of the blind to determine the minimum length of the valance. Add at least 2 inches so the valance overlaps the top of the blind, and so you can hang it above the top of the window, if desired. Hang the bamboo blind in the same manner as described above, except use plain hooks, as the valance covers them. Install a curtain rod at the top of the window frame and hang the valance.

Extension

You can make a bamboo blind extension if you're able to match the blind. Measure to determine how much longer the blind needs to be. Cut that amount from another bamboo blind. For example: cut 6 inches from the bottom of a matching blind to make the first blind 6 inches longer. Use wire or fishing twine to attach the extension to the blind.

Tags: bamboo blind, window frame, fishing line, above window, bamboo shade, bottom window

Make A Slipcover For A Foot Stool

Removable slipcovers make footstools easy to clean.

Keeping foot stools and ottomans clean and fresh is easy by using removable slipcovers that attach with Velcro. Updating the style and look of your home furnishings by simply alternating fabric slipcovers and pillows is an inexpensive way to make desired design changes as well. Anchoring the living area or family room with just a few neutral colored furniture pieces lets you dress the room for a variety of occasions and seasons. Because the fabric on foot stools and ottomans tends to wear quickly, using a slipcover which can be removed will extend the life of the furniture piece. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Measure the length and the width of the top of the foot stool. Add 5/8 of an inch to each side of this measurement. Measure the length and width of each side panel of the foot stool and add 5/8 of an inch to each of the vertical side measurements and 1 3/8 of an inch to each of the bottom horizontal measurements..

2. Cut out the top piece of fabric as well as the side panels according to the measurements taken in Step 1. Pin the vertical side seams together with the patterned fabric sides facing each other. Sew the sides together using 5/8-inch seams.

3. Pin the edges of the top piece of fabric to the top edges of the sewn side panels. Check the material to ensure the patterned sides of the fabric face each other. Sew the pieces together using a 5/8-inch seam.

4. Turn the bottom edges of the sewn side panels under 1/4 of an inch and press them with a hot iron. Lay one of the separated halves of the sew-on Velcro along the edge of the ironed hem. Pin the Velcro in place so that it lies face up and even with the edge.

5. Top stitch the Velcro in place by sewing two parallel lines along the edge of the printed side of the fabric. Lay the slipcover inside out and pin the two remaining raw material edges together so they are even with each other. Sew a 5/8-inch seam down the side edge of the fabric.

6. Measure the length and the width of each of the four sides of the foot stool. Cut four pieces of self-adhesive Velcro accordingly. Separate the two halves of self-adhesive Velcro strips.

7. Turn the foot stool over and lay the halves of the Velcro strips that correspond to the sewn strips along the bottom edges. Staple the Velcro strips in place and pull the slipcover over the foot stool. Secure the slipcover to the underside of the frame.

Tags: each other, foot stool, inch each, length width, Measure length, Measure length width

Install Shower Curtain Rods

Install Shower Curtain Rods

Installing a shower curtain rod is easy and should only take a few minutes. Some shower curtain rods are made to simply wedge in between the two walls of the shower, and require no tools or permanent installation. This article will focus on quick, easy installation for permanent shower curtain rods. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Determine the length of your shower curtain from the package. Measure that length from 5 to 7 inches off the floor of the tub and mark the height on the wall. Repeat the measurement and mark the opposite side of the shower wall.

2. Secure mounting bracket to each shower wall by drilling at the two marks you made. Make sure that the open bracket is facing up.

3. Once the brackets are in place, install the rod into the brackets. Place the rod in the closed bracket first, then slid it into the open bracket.

4. Slide the shower curtain rings on the rod and then hang the curtain. Snap the rings shut.

Tags: Curtain Rods, Install Shower, Install Shower Curtain, open bracket, shower curtain, shower curtain, shower wall

Play Grand Theft Auto

Playing Grand Theft Auto goes well beyond driving fast cars out of control.

If you've ever fantasized about being an over-the-top gangsta--holding up banks, stealing cop cars, and running down pedestrians--without any fear of actual jail time, then Grand Theft Auto is the video game series for you. A massively popular set of games based in various fictitious locales (such as 'San Andreas'), these incredibly detailed adventures offer players (and playas) the opportunity to randomly explore gigantic city and country environments wreaking havoc or to take on more organized challenges.

Instructions

1. While the accompanying guides to the Grand Theft Auto games don't provide an immense amount of information, they will explain how the various controls work and typically provide a map to the showcased region that will be absolutely crucial to finding your way around.

2. While there is an overall goal to the game you can pursue (in San Andreas for example the main character is challenged to 'save his family and take control of the streets') many players simply just enjoy roaming the large and detailed maps causing trouble and fleeing the authorities.

3. In escaping police pursuit, do your best to stay in your vehicle, be it a car, motorcycle, helicopter or other mode of transportation. I've found that once you're on foot it's just a matter of a few minutes or less before you're shot down and taken in.

4. The simplest way to quickly build up some money is punching some innocent bystanders (or shooting them once you've acquired a gun) and picking up the bills that fly out of their pockets when they're downed. Don't get greedy, because the police usually arrive on the scene pretty quickly.

5. Gaining cash is also possible by hijacking cabs, seeking a customer on the street and taking them to their destination for a 'fare.' I personally found this more tedious and less enjoyable than sucker-punching pedestrians, but to each his own.

6. Once you've built up a decent cash reserve there are both fun, frivolous ways to spend it (including actual bars, tattoo parlors and clothing shops you can enter) and more purposeful outlets--such as gun shops, car mechanics and transportation such as train stations that will quickly get you to another destination. You can even spend money to work out at the gym making yourself stronger, or eat at a restaurant to build up your 'health.'

Tags: Grand Theft, Grand Theft Auto, Theft Auto, that will

What Can A Homeowner Do To Keep Oranges On The Tree In A Freeze

A freeze can cause severe damage to the fruit of an orange tree.

Orange trees require very specific growing conditions to thrive, especially when it comes to temperature. This limits their growing regions to few places throughout the world. A single deep freeze may be enough to kill a large portion of oranges on a tree. This can happen even in regions where temperatures rarely reach the freezing point. Take protective measures to keep your orange trees warm when freezing temperatures are in the forecast. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Water the soil around the tree trunk to a depth of 2 inches with warm water on the morning of the expected freeze. Water out to the drip line -- the distance to which the branches extend. The warm water can help the tree retain heat throughout the freeze.

2. Cover the tree, after watering it, with a blanket or plastic tarp if it's a young tree and small enough to be covered. Wrap the blanket around the base of the trunk if the entire tree cannot be covered. Take extra care to cover the spot where the scion and rootstock were connected. Take extra care to cover the spot where the rootstock and scion were connected. The rootstock is the part of a grafted tree that has the roots, and the scion is the part of a second tree that is grafted onto the rootstock. The area where they were connected will typically have a rough, lumpy appearance, so it should be easy to find.

3. Clamp shop lights in the branches and arrange them so the light warms as much of the tree crown as possible. The number of lights needed depends on the size of the crown.

4. Remove all lights and blankets from the tree and, as a last resort, sprinkle water over the tree with a sprinkler until the temperature reaches 37 degrees Fahrenheit. A constant flow of water can help the internal temperature of the fruit, leaves and branches stay above freezing, although it may create damage due to the weight of ice that may form.

Tags: were connected, care cover, care cover spot, cover spot, cover spot where

Make A Camper Van

Converting a van to camp in does not have to be complicated.

The key to successfully making your own camper van is to keep the conversion as cheap and as simple as possible. Determine the budget you are able to work with before you start and think about whether you want to be able to prepare simple meals during your travels. Keeping things simple can help make your van an ideal camper for quick a weekend getaway. Each make and model van will have different dimensions and nooks and crannies that will eventually determine how you set up your sleeping arrangements and store your travel gear. These instructions will give you a good starting point for any make or model van.

Instructions

1. Remove the middle seats in the van. Use a crescent wrench to loosen the anchor bolts in the floor. If you are looking to make a more permanent arrangement, remove all of the passenger seating except for the bucket seats up front.

2. Sweep the floor clean of all dirt and debris with a broom.

3. Spread a 6 foot by 6 foot tarp across the floor of the van to protect the floor while you make your modifications. You can leave it there to protect the floor during your short trips, making cleanup easier upon your return.

4. Measure the length and width of the interior of your van and decide which way you want the bed platform to be. If you have enough room, you will want to place the bed so you will be lying across the van.

5. Cut the ½-inch plywood wood into two pieces of the same length and width. For example, if you have 72 inches of room for the bed, cut the board 72 inches long, then cut it down the middle so you have two pieces that are 36 inches by 24 inches. To keep things simple, you can have this done at the time you purchase it.

6. Place four milk crates in the corners of where you are going to place the bed. If you have to navigate around wheel wells, put the milk crate down the side of the platform so that it does not have the wheel well under it. The crates should be spread a part so that they support the four corners of the bed. Keep in mind, your bed can only be as wide as the van allows. Your measurements will be unique to your situation.

7. Put the two sections of plywood on the milk crates so they touch each other and are positioned evenly on the milk crates. If you want to add hinges to the sections, screw those in now, hooking the two sections together. This will allow you to fold half of the bed out of the way if you need more room to move around in the van while you are not sleeping.

8. Lay out your egg crate padding or couch cushions on the platform. Arrange your bedding to your preferences.

9. Place the ice chest at the foot of the bed or near the rear doors of the van. Secure it down with a bungee cord. You can store the cutting board between the ice chest and the bungee cord so you can reach it easily or store that in a clear tub with the rest of your gear. Be sure to clean the cutting board before and after each use with a drop of dish detergent and a spray bottle full of drinkable water. You can place the cutting board on top of the ice chest while sitting on your bed platform to prepare simple meals while inside your van. Weather permitting, you can prepare the food on the ice chest while standing at the back of your van with the rear doors open.

10. Put food you want to store in your ice chest in water-tight containers to avoid water getting into your food. Only fill the ice chest halfway with food and beverages so you will have plenty of room for ice.

11. Store you travel gear inside the egg crates and clear plastic bins that slide under your bed platform. Secure other travel gear with assorted size bungee cords.

Tags: cutting board, milk crates, travel gear, bungee cord, chest while, does have

The Best Retirement States

Choose a retirement location that best suits your hobbies and interests.

Now that you are free to spend your time any way you like, it's time to figure out what state to retire in. If you are looking to relocate, some factors to consider include the cost of living, population trends, types of activities available, as well as climate/weather and scenery.

North Carolina

If you look forward to spending your newly found time diving into textbooks and expanding your knowledge of world history or other topics of interest, then consider retirement in Durham, North Carolina. This college town also supports the largest senior learning program in the nation. The 33-year-old program boasts more than 1,500 members and provides more than 100 courses at Duke University. This city is also known for its affordable housing, lush golf courses and parkland as well as its Nasher Museum of Art and its newly built Durham Performance Arts Center, which hosts concerts as well as Broadway plays..

New Hampshire

Fans of winter will enjoy retirement in Hanover, New Hampshire, where the city averages 94 inches of snow each winter. Ski on one of five ski hills located within a one-hour drive, or hike through the White Mountains. Some perks of the area include no sales tax and no state tax on retirement withdrawals. Should the need arise, Hanover also provides excellent retiree health care through the Dartmouth-Hitchcock medical center.

Texas

If you seek a fast-paced city with plenty of cultural activities and live music, then check out Austin, Texas. Austin is known as the live music capital of the world, where retirees can enjoy a show just about every day of the week. According to TopRetirements.com, Austin is turning out to be a retirement hot spot. Not only do retirees enjoy live music, but good eats, shops, outdoor activities, performing arts and much more. Though Austin is known for its hot and sticky summers, wintertime temperatures rarely reach below 30 degrees, with the average daytime highs between 60 and 70 degrees.

Arizona

When you think of Arizona, images of dry desert land may come to mind. On the contrary, Green Valley, Arizona, is known to be home to one of the largest active adult communities worldwide. With nine golf courses, countless swimming pools, spas, fitness centers, and two recreation centers, which feature an endless amount of classes and other activities, boredom will definitely be held at bay. Should you feel the desire to get away, Green Valley is just 40 miles north of the Mexican border.

Tags: live music, Austin known, golf courses, Green Valley, more than

Mission Furniture Style Tips

Mission furniture consists of a very simple design and is often stained to darker colors.

Mission furniture provides an elegant yet simple decor for any room. Mission-style furniture is always constructed of sturdy wood with a simple design and a complete lack of fancy decoration. The construction features straight wood pieces evenly spaced along the sides of the furniture pieces. Cushions for mission furniture are upholstered with leather or quality canvas in single colors, staying true to the minimal decoration. This style is widely available and considered quite versatile for interior design. Does this Spark an idea?

Be Consistent with Mission Style

Select a room for the mission furniture and keep the mission style consistent throughout that room. For example, if using mission furniture in a living room, select a sofa and chair frame of mission style and opt for mission style coffee and end tables to match. If using the mission furniture in a bedroom, select a bed frame and nightstands that match the mission style, as well as a simple mission-style dresser. Keeping the furniture style consistent helps make the room feel organized.

Simplify Furniture not the Decor

Mission style furniture has a classic, simplified appearance, which is part of its appeal. Keeping the furniture design consistent and simple with the mission style organizes the room, but the rest of the room decor does not have to be simplified. Select throw pillows, blankets, area rugs and framed artwork that contrasts but complements the simple furniture. Additionally, opt for fancy, designer lamps and lighting that stand out among the simple furniture design. Using the mission furniture can help other decorative pieces such as designer lamps or framed artwork stand out more.

Add to the Design

Mission furniture tends have a dark wood stain and very plain appearance. This does not mean it has to remain so. Add hand-painted designs or wood-burned designs to the furniture pieces, such as hand-painting a design on the backs of chairs, the legs or tops of tables, the arms of sofa or chair frames and other mission furniture pieces. Finish the painted designs with a sturdy, protective glaze and, if desired, glaze the wood-burned designs to make the image stand out. If not artistic, stencils may be used or consider hiring an art student from a local college. Additionally, apply decorative items such as shiny gemstones, wine bottle labels, post cards or decals before the glaze.

Balance the Light and Dark

Considering that mission furniture is often stained in darker colors, it can help balance the feel of a room if the paint and other decorative items contrast with the dark colors of the wooden mission furniture. For example, if the wood furniture comes in a dark cherry stain, consider balancing that against bright white or pastel painted walls, bright colored throw pillows and light colored lamps and lamp shades. If framed photos or artwork are hung in the room, choose frames that are wood and stained in a color similar to the furniture. Alternatively, the cushions of the furniture may be reupholstered or replaced with lighter colors or if no cushions came with the furniture, add some.

Tags: mission style, furniture pieces, mission furniture, darker colors, decorative items

Sell Antiques And Collectibles For The Most Cash

Fine and rare items usually sell for the most money.

If you are looking to sell your antiques and collectibles, you'll find that there are many ways you can sell them easily and quickly. However, if you want to sell them for the most cash possible, you'll have to do a little research. You'll have to learn as much as you can about your items and the best venue to sell them.

Instructions

1. Identify your items so you can accurately market them. Learn the age and origin of each item. Assess the condition of your items against those in the marketplace. There are many antiques and collectibles guide books that can help you identify many commonly available items. A visit to antiques and collectibles shows will provide you with the opportunity to ask questions to dealers of similar items.

2. Research the value of your items. The Completed Listings section of eBay will show recent sales of similar items. Antiques and collectibles guides, especially specialty guides--for glassware or toys, for instance--are useful in this. When you visit shows, look at the prices of similar items, but remember that most dealers don't expect to get the full ticket price.

3. Determine the price you can reasonably expect to get for your items. For most items, especially commonly-available collectibles, you shouldn't expect to get top dollar. Full retail prices are usually paid only by collectors buying from knowledgeable dealers. Remember that a dealer makes significant investments in time and money to find a buyer at full price. If an antique or collectible is especially fine or rare, you may be able to garner more cash for it.

4. Use eBay or Craigslist to sell items that are common and relatively inexpensive. Auctions on eBay are easy to use, and with accurate descriptions and good pictures, they can attract a lot of interest in your items. You will pay a fee to use eBay. Craigslist is free to use and is good for selling larger and more valuable items. Craigslist gives you the opportunity to entertain good offers and decline unacceptable ones.

5. Work with a local, high-end antique dealer to sell valuable or rare antiques. You'll pay a commission--about 25 to 40 percent--for his services, but he'll know market your piece and will have greater access to eligible buyers. Likewise, a local auction house can be useful in attracting interested parties. Auctioneers hold specialty sales--Asian art or modern design, for instance--that might be useful in selling rare and valuable items.

Tags: your items, sell them, similar items, eBay Craigslist, valuable items

Pair Chairs With A Leather Sofa

A leather couch can anchor a room, while two side chairs can perk it up.

Leather is a popular upholstery material because of its durability. All by itself, a leather sofa does little to add interest to a room, but with the right pair of chairs, you can have a stylish and engaging ensemble. There are very few design rules when it comes to selecting chairs to go with a leather couch. Base your selections on your own design and color preferences. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Select two identical chairs upholstered in the same leather that's on your couch. To give the grouping visual interest, add throw pillows covered in fabric. Choose one or more prints that pick up the color of the chairs and the sofa but also introduce colors that complement the rest of the room. For additional texture, add a throw to the sofa.

2. Choose chairs with a fabric print upholstery that picks up the color of the couch but has other colors, as well. If your couch is dark, choose a fabric that has vivid colors. Keep the styling of the chairs similar to the sofa's. For example, if your sofa is modern, pick modern chairs. But if you have a western-looking sofa, pick, chairs that feature the same bold bronze tacks. This will keep the look cohesive. But the fabric will keep the ensemble from looking overly heavy.

3. Pick two different chairs. They should have the same fabric and pick up the color of the couch. For example choose one large chair with matching ottoman and one side chair with wooden armrests. As with identical chairs, this grouping will have a cohesive but visually intriguing look.

Tags: chair with, chairs have, chairs with, color couch, identical chairs, leather couch, pick color

Remodel An 1800s Farm Kitchen

Be sure to preserve the charm of an old kitchen when you make upgrades.

Keeping the charm and character of a historic kitchen requires blending the past and present. Plan to install modern appliances, but keep old wood cabinets and flooring, for example. Sketch a detailed plan of different ways to upgrade the kitchen while preserving a nostalgic feeling. For example, use period artwork and display antique kitchen items on shelving. Be sure to include colors, fabrics and antiques that really appeal to your taste. Don't include items simply because they fit the decor. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Assess components to keep. Look at walls, flooring and windows of the kitchen. Figure out preserve interior doors, for example, or oak flooring. Don't strip the kitchen back to the studs, unless there is mold from moisture damage. Keep at least one wall constructed of plank boards or old bricks totally intact, if possible. Install drywall plaster board or stucco on the other three walls.

2. Work on safety and plumbing first. Inspect flooring, plumbing, existing wiring and exterior walls. Figure out the best way to route new pipes, drains and electrical wiring for a kitchen makeover that will work well for today's needs. Make it a point to insulate exterior walls thoroughly, because the kitchen may have little or no insulation if major upgrades have never been done.

3. Plan cabinets to look old. Use recycled cabinets covered with bead board paneling, for example, for a rustic look. Buy unfinished cabinets to paint white, black or hunter green as another option. Install base cabinets only with old wood shelving on upper walls, as another choice. Buy old farm tools and dishes to display on the shelves, or use artifacts from the past found on the grounds of the home.

4. Hide appliances with wood-front covering. Build wooden fronts to match cabinets that will hide a refrigerator or dishwasher, for example. Purchase an electric or gas reproduction stove that fits an earlier time period, such as the early 1900s. Use an old wood stove for display only to give the kitchen a vintage look.

5. Add amenities that enhance the vintage appeal. Use a tile flooring design with blue used in the 1800s on wooden doors. Research various shades of paint, which were commonly made of buttermilk and dyes from plants in the 1800s. Purchase light fixtures with metal parts that resemble candlesticks used in the 1800s. Install a farm sink, a style that has made a big comeback in today's homes, to add a nostalgic touch.

Tags: exterior walls, that will, used 1800s

Organizations That Give Free Bibles

Gideons International supplies free Bibles to hotel rooms throughout the world.

The Bible is the Christian's handbook to life. One of the main goals of evangelical Christian organizations is to reach the world through the influence of the Bible. Providing free Bibles to developing countries, secular organizations and new believers is one way evangelicals fulfill the "Great Commission" (as described in Matthew 28:19). Many Christian organizations distribute free Bibles.

Gideons International

In 1899, Gideons International was born. Because most early members of the Gideons were travelers, the idea soon became a reality to provide free Bibles to hotels. The first free Bibles began to appear in hotel rooms in 1908. In the 21st century, Gideons International distributes free Bibles, printed in more than 90 languages. The Bibles are distributed all around the world in more than 190 countries.

Spirit One Ministry

Spirit One Ministry began as a Christian broadcasting feed over the Internet in 2004. The ministry evolved to include FM radio broadcasting stations. Spirit One relies on donations and offers up to three free Bibles upon request. An online KJV (King James Version) Bible is available, as well.

Recycled Bibles

Many organizations collect used Bibles and distribute them to needy individuals. FreeBibles.net is a grassroots organization that is made up of volunteers. The organization was founded in 2000. There are a few requirements to receive a free Bible from the organization. The recipient must be very poor, imprisoned or sick, and Bibles can be sent only to people in the United States. Bible Senders is another organization that uses recycled Bibles. However, it will ship all over the world, and there are no limitations on the recipients.

Online Bibles

Individuals with access to a computer find many online Bibles available. Online versions are easy to use because many websites provide keyword and verse search. Bible Gateway offers multiple versions in many languages, making verse comparison easy. Bible Gateway also presents reading plans, commentaries, eBook Bible downloads and Bible dictionaries. Bible Resources presents an online Bible that allows the user to read, search or listen to the Scriptures. Information on study the Bible is also available.

Local Churches

Usually local churches purchase Bibles in bulk to hand out as needed. Free Bibles are used during services for individuals who forget to bring their own or do not have one. Contact your neighborhood church for information on obtaining a new or used free Bible.

Tags: free Bibles, Gideons International, Bible Gateway, Christian organizations, free Bible, Free Bibles, hotel rooms

Styles Of Table Legs

Tapered table legs are retro in design.

Table leg styles have been handed down through the centuries. The first table legs were simple planks. During the Victorian period furniture makers developed carvings and turnings. In contemporary times, people created tapered and pedestal legs for more modern applications.

Pedestal

One of the most popular of table leg styles is the single pedestal. This single leg is usually 4 to 6 inches square and hollow. This type of leg is used primarily for dining room tables or anywhere there is limited space. Usually the table top is circular. The single pedestal style can also be round like a very large dowel. To stabilize the leg, makers attach carved wood brackets or stylish feet to the bottom.

Queen Anne

Queen Anne legs appear on more expensive tables; in particular, the "winged corner" style has become the standard. The winged corner style is recognizable by a carved ball shape at the top. As the leg descends toward the floor, it delicately curves inward and gets thinner. At the bottom the leg slopes outward again with a carved foot, often looking like a cat's foot with claws.

Turned

Turned legs are very strong. They appear on very sturdy, heavy furniture and tables. Turned legs are usually cut from 4-by-4 lumber or even larger hardwood studs. The woodworker places the studs on a large lathe and turns them. Using special chisels, he cuts the legs into round patterns of any design. They can have consecutive circles stacked on top of each other or smooth round spaces intermittent with round balls. They can even have corkscrew patterns.

Tapered

The tapered leg is very common. It comes from the period of the late 1950s. The tapered leg looks fragile, but is not. The tapered leg starts out at the top where it's about 3 inches square. One side is cut away at an angle descending toward the floor where the leg is about 1 to 2 inches square. The tapered leg appears on small dining room tables.

Slab

The slab leg is one of the oldest in design. The slab leg was first used on religious altars and communion tables, and has since typified the example. The slab leg is a solid piece of lumber or plywood. It is almost as wide as the table itself. Usually about 3 inches thick, only two slab legs are on any table. The slab leg is very sturdy and gives any table a clean unified look. Slab legs are still common on chancel and sanctuary tables used in churches.

Tags: about inches, inches square, about inches square, corner style, dining room

Make A Claw Glove

Make a claw glove for a monster costume.

If your child wants to be a dinosaur or monster for Halloween, then you may need to make claw gloves for her. You can do this together using simple materials that you may already have at your house. This craft project is so simple and economical, in fact, that you can make several pairs of claw gloves for other little monsters in your home.

Instructions

1. Cover a flat workspace with wax paper.

2. Tear off strips of wax paper, roll them and slide them into the fingers of the glove. This will help prevent the hot glue from gluing the tips of the gloves together.

3. Place a hot glue stick in the hot glue gun, plug the gun into a power outlet and allow the glue to warm up for a few minutes.

4. Squeeze glue on the back of a press-on or acrylic nail and press it directly on the corresponding finger of the glove. Repeat until both hands are covered in claws. Allow the glue to dry before taking out the wax paper and trying on the glove.

Tags: claw gloves

Make A Balloon Clown Character

Balloon modeling is a fun and affordable hobby for kids and adults alike. You can put your creativity to the test to create just about every character or animal imaginable, making them as simple or as elaborate as you like. What better character for an entertaining balloon modeler's bag of tricks than a clown. With a some balloons and a few simple twists, you'll master this character in no time.

Instructions

Balloon Character Body

1. Blow up your balloons so that there is about an inch at the end. Make a small bubble at the end of one balloon, then pinch the balloon slightly about 2 inches above the bubble and fold the balloon down to the bubble. Twist the bubble and the end of the fold together to create a hand. Repeat with your second balloon.

2. Place your two arms together and pinch the balloons together about 7 inches above the hands and twist them together. Twist a small bubble into each balloon just above the center twist to create shoulders.

3. Hold the balloons together about 5 or 6 inches below the shoulder and twist them together to create a torso for your balloon character. Feed one of the two balloons through the two portions that are the torso to lock it in place.

4. Make about a 3 inch fold at the very end of the balloon and twist the fold and the main balloon together at about 2 and 1/2 inches. This twist will create a small bubble at the end of the balloon which should be wrapped around the twist to lock it in place. Repeat on the second balloon to create the second foot and complete the body.

Balloon Clown

5. Inflate a long balloon in a color contrasting your balloon body. Inflate the balloon so that there is an extra 1 and 1/2 to 2 inches of extra space at the end. Carefully push the knot inside of the balloon and hold the knot in place with your opposite hand. Slip your finger out of the balloon and make a twist just above the not to create a tulip twist bubble head for your clown.

6. Make another bubble about 3 inches long just below the tulip twist. Twist the balloon a few inches below the 3 inch bubble and snap off the extra balloon. Allow the balloon below the 3 inch bubble to deflate and tie a knot. Tie the excess deflated balloon onto the top of your clown character's body and tie a knot.

7. Blow up a third balloon in a third color, leaving 1 and 1/2 to 2 inches at the end. Twist a series of 5 small bubbles into the knot end of the balloon, form them into a circle and then use the knot to tie off the chain. Snap off the long, excess balloon and tie the end together with the knot.

8. Roll the bubble chain over the tulip twist and down the 3 inch bubble of your clown character's head to give him a collar.

9. Use a permanent marker to put the final touches on your clown character. You might draw a face, curly clown hair or any other details you like.

Tags: about inches, your clown, inch bubble, small bubble, together about, together about inches, tulip twist

Japanese Furniture Styles

Japanese furniture is attractive and minimalist.

While modern Japanese homes resemble Western-style homes in many ways, traditional Japanese furniture has its own unique look. Japanese furnishings tend to be both attractive and minimalist, while still serving their own functions. Some Japanese furniture, such as futons, have become common in other countries, while other furniture, like the kotatsu, a heated table, have not yet done so. Does this Spark an idea?

Identification

Kagu, Japanese furniture, can be distinguished from Chinese or other kinds of Asian furniture by its boxy, simple design. Lacquer also shows up a great deal in kagu.

Features

Japanese furniture overall promotes cleanliness and a sense of space. For example, you must always take off your shoes or slippers before stepping onto a tatami mat, traditionally used for floors instead of rugs or carpeting, and futons are usually stored in a closet when not in use.

History

According to Kazuko Koizumi's book, "Traditional Japanese Furniture", Japan has historically had a "floor-seated" culture. Many types of Japanese furniture are meant to be used while sitting on the floor, such as the kotatsu, or are built low to the ground, such as many zaisu (legless) chairs and tables.

Function

Due to space considerations, many kinds of Japanese furniture are designed for storage. Bed frames, sofas, chests, and even staircases are often built with extra drawers for more storage options.

Materials

Although modern Japanese furniture sometimes uses plastics, traditional Japanese furniture uses a great deal of wood, especially bamboo, which is not only used for tatami, but also for shoji, decorative wall screens.

Tags: Japanese furniture, Japanese furniture, attractive minimalist, great deal, modern Japanese, traditional Japanese

Replace A Speaker In A Speaker Cabinet

Every speaker cabinet eventually blows a speaker. Whether it stays in a practice room or gets hauled from gig to gig, something will weaken and given out. Not only will the speaker sound bad, but it changes the overall impedance of the speaker cabinet. That can damage the amplifier driving it. Luckily, a speaker cabinet is designed to allow for quick and easy speaker replacements. Read on to learn replace a speaker in a speaker cabinet.

Instructions

1. Place the speaker cabinet on its back if possible and remove the speaker grille. Some grilles pop into place but most are secured with screws that will be visible from the side or front on the cabinet.

2. Unscrew the first screw from the bad speaker, and then remove the screw opposite it. Remove all screws in opposite pairs.

3. Lift out the speaker carefully because it is still connected to the other speaker by wires. Some speakers will be attached by two wires, and others by four, but there should never be only one wire. If this is the case the speaker may not be blown, only disconnected.

4. Pull the wires from the speaker tabs by the plastic connector. Use pliers if necessary but do not pull on the wire itself. If tabs are not color-coded (the standard code is red equals positive and black equals negative), label them with a marker. Tape the wires down so they do not fall inside the cabinet.

5. Confirm that the speaker that has been removed is bad, if desired, by measuring the resistance between the positive and negative connection tabs. If the meter reads less than an ohm or more than twice the impedance rating, it is bad; otherwise, it might not be bad. Gently press the center of the speaker cone. If it makes a scratchy sound or does not spring back into place, it is bad.

6. Push the wire connectors onto the proper tabs, using pliers if needed. Gently place the speaker into the mounting hole and replace the screws in opposing pairs. Do not tighten.

7. Tighten screws only after all have been placed. Replace the grille and return speaker cabinet to upright position.

Tags: speaker cabinet, from speaker, into place

Make An Ugly Spanishstyle Home Pretty Outside

Spanish architecture typically uses a lot of archways, tiled roofs and stuccoed exteriors. Wood trim is also common, and Spanish-style homes often have large porches and utilize brighter colors. While it is challenging to change the architectural style of a Spanish-designed home if you don't like the look of it, there are ways of improving the home's appearance if you think the current appearance and color scheme is ugly. This requires work, but the end results are worth it. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Change the color of the home. Wash the exterior with warm water and a mild detergent to remove dirt, apply two layers of primer, and paint the house with three coats of a different color from the original. A new house color changes a home's overall appearance considerably, and stucco retains paint efficiently. Since Spanish-style houses typically rely on bright colors, change to a darker look to alter the home's appearance.

2. Plant flowerbeds and bushes around the outside. If there are already plants in the landscaping that you dislike, dig them out and discard them so you have room for new ones that fit your aesthetic taste.

3. Add benches and furniture that fit your taste to the porch area of the home. Spanish-style often emphasizes larger porches, so decorate them with furniture that is both attractive and functional.

4. Hang white string lights around the trim of the home to improve its appearance at night. While excessive use of string lights is usually reserved for holidays, a few strings by the main entrance or around the windows helps emphasize those areas and makes the home more appealing. The lights also help accentuate the archways of the home.

Tags: furniture that, home appearance, string lights, that your

Old Time School Desk Features

Old-time school desks were similar to the modern desk.

Antique school desks were not so different from modern school desks. While the modern desk is often made of plastic and metal, antique desks were more commonly made from wood and metal. Desks from the 1800s were often larger and more ornate than desks from the 1900s, which were streamlined and purely functional. The size of the desks was about the same as a modern desk built for a small child. In the 1800s, the desk tops themselves were typically rectangular, but the 1900s saw the introduction of or the armed design of the modern desk.

Shape

Old fashioned desks had a similar shape to the modern school desk. There was one or two seats placed behind a small wood shelf that students used to draw and write on. During the Victorian period and before, the desks typically had straight desk edges with no side rests for the arms. After the 1910s and 20s, the desks were manufactured like many modern desks, with an armrest along the right side of the desk where it attaches to the seat.

Hardware

Old or antique school desks typically had iron hardware to hold the desk pieces together. If the desks were not made entirely out of wood, they often had feet and arms made of cast iron or some other dark metal. This made the desks heavy; sometimes the desks were screwed into the floor to prevent the children from moving the desks out of place. Later desks used steel hardware and occasionally stainless steel.

Materials

Most antique school desks were made entirely out of wood, or with a combination of steel and wood or iron and wood. The seat and desk portion of the school desks were almost always made from wood. The legs and other support systems were sometimes made of wood or metal. The use of metal legs was more popular before 1920 than after. During the early 1900s, the desks were made almost entirely from wood using a simple construction style.

Size

Most school desks were quite small. The height of the desk was usually between 30 and 35 inches high for the back of the desk, with 20 to 25 inches in height for the desk portion of the chair. The depth of the seats was between 10 and 18 inches. Desks designed for two children were a little longer and were about 40 inches long to accommodate both children.

Tags: desks were, school desks, school desks were, modern desk, desks were made

Make An Origami Tent

Start children off with simple origami shapes like a tent.

There are endless objects and shapes you can make using the Japanese art of origami. The activity is particularly appropriate for children as it provides an opportunity for them to practice following instructions. It also produces shapes and objects they can use for play. For instance, you can make a tent out of origami and use it as part of a finger puppet play or other pretend play activities with children. The origami tent involves minimal folds so it is suitable for origami novices.

Instructions

1. Place the front side of the origami paper face down and fold the paper in half diagonally both ways. Do this by placing the top-left corner to the bottom-right corner and the top-right corner to the bottom-left corner.

2. Unfold the paper, and place the front side of the paper to face up. You will see crease lines running up from each corner to the center of the paper.

3. Fold the paper in half, and place the left side edge on the right side edge and unfold.

4. Hold the paper in your hand with the new crease line formed pointing left and right. Push in on the new crease line to help connect the opposite corners of the paper together. This creates a triangle shape.

5. Lift the top layer at the center of the bottom edge to touch the top of the triangle. Press down on the paper so that the rest of the edge lines up with the sides of the triangle and the corners sit at the bottom center. You will see the entrance of the tent.

6. Fold the center flaps back to form a small triangle on both sides that will appear as the entrance of the tent. Stand the tent upright and its ready for use.

Tags: crease line, entrance tent, front side, paper face, paper half, side edge

Make An Origami Spongebob & Origami Patrick

Origami designs may take a few tries to perfect.

Origami SpongeBob and Patrick are both basically just simple geometric shapes: a star and a box. Details like eyes and clothes are easy to color on at the end of the paper folding. Remember that you cannot cut the paper; that is an entirely different hobby called kirigami, so cutting in origami is considered cheating.

Instructions

SpongeBob

1. Fold the six inch by six inch paper along each diagonal line and then unfold the piece.

2. Fold the paper along the north, east, south and west lines and then unfold. The paper should now be divided into eight equal triangular sections.

3. Raise the piece using the center of the folded lines as the peak. Place the risen paper on its side and collapse into a smaller 3-D square, completing the basic shape for SpongeBob.

4. Color the paper square to look more like SpongeBob by using the pencil crayons. The body of SpongeBob is usually shown as a porous yellow and his trademark pants are brown. SpongeBob usually wears a white dress shirt and red tie as well as a black belt and pair of shoes.

Patrick

5. Fold the six inch by six inch origami paper along the north, south, east and west lines and unfold the paper.

6. Fold the sheet's corners into the center of the paper, making a smaller paper square.

7. Fold two of the square's parallel corner points into the center of both sides, forming a kite shape. Flip over the piece of paper.

8. Fold the top point of the kite shape into the center of the paper. Fold the result in half to yield one point of a five-point star shape. Repeat the above steps four more times and interlock by the inserting the corner edge into the corner fold of the joining piece into a five-point star resembling the character Patrick Star from the SpongeBob SquarePants series.

9. Color the result using the pencil crayons to resemble the character more accurately. Patrick is often shown wearing lime green shorts, and his body is pink.

Tags: into center, paper along, paper Fold, along north, center paper, five-point star, Fold inch

Use A Memory Foam Topper On A Sofa Sleeper

Sleeper sofas can be very convenient for unexpected overnight guests or nights spent on the couch, but sleeper sofas aren't always the most comfortable options for a good night's rest. Using a memory foam mattress topper on your sleeper sofa may help to increase your comfort level greatly. If you are wondering exactly use a memory foam topper on a sleeper sofa, know that it is very simple. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Purchase the correct size memory foam topper. Most sleeper sofas are the size of a full bed, so you will need a memory foam topper that fits a full bed. Specifically measure the dimensions of the mattress on your sleeper sofa to ensure you get the correct size. A twin bed is 39x75 inches; a full bed is 54x75 inches; a queen bed is 60x80 inches; a king bed is 76x80 inches; and a California king bed is 72x84 inches.

2. Unfold your sleeper sofa. The memory foam topper must be put on and taken off each time you unfold your sleeper sofa in most cases; otherwise your sofa may not close properly since the mattress will be bulkier. Test this to determine whether the sofa opens and closes properly with the topper on just to be sure.

3. Place the memory foam topper on top of the mattress, centering it so that it fits properly and does not hang over the edge on either side. If you measured properly and selected the right size, this should be easy.

4. Put your mattress cover (if you have one) or sheets on the bed over the top of the memory foam topper. The sheets or mattress cover will hold the topper in place, and you will be ready for a good night's sleep.

Tags: foam topper, memory foam, sleeper sofa, your sleeper, your sleeper sofa, memory foam topper

Seafood Restaurants In Treasure Island Florida

Treasures of the sea.

When it comes to seafood restaurants, Treasure Island, Florida has a lot to offer, including fresh seafood, tropical atmosphere and waterfront dining. Whether you're looking for an upscale dining experience that offers high-quality entrees and wines or a casual family atmosphere, you may be able to find it in Treasure Island. Add this to my Recipe Box.

Wahoo's on the Island

Wahoo's on the Island, located on 170th Avenue, offers fine dining in a casual island atmosphere. Enjoy a drink at the bar while enjoying a view of the famous Treasure Island Clock Tower, which is just steps away. Wahoo's is open daily for lunch and dinner, and features nightly dancing and sports events on big-screen televisions. On Thursday, Friday and Saturday evenings, patrons can catch the Wahoo's on the Island Dueling Piano Show for family entertainment. The gourmet menu, which is prepared by Chef Karim, features everything from calamari, ahi tuna and shrimp and avocado salad to grouper, mahi mahi and shrimp alfredo. American style cuisine is also served for those who do not enjoy seafood.

Wahoo's on the Island

145 170th Ave.

Treasure Island, FL 33706

(727) 290-9856

wahoosontheisland.com

Middle Grounds Grill

Middle Grounds Grill, located on Gulf Boulevard, brings more than 30 years of experience to its fine-dining atmosphere, which is frequented by locals and tourists alike. The grill has an upscale bar and a wine cellar that has many fine wines in stock. The menu features an array of seafood dishes, including smoked fish spread, lemon infused crab cakes and seared tuna sashimi, as well as salmon, king crab and lobster tails. An early dinner menu is available Tuesday through Thursday, and Sunday, and reservations can be made online.

Middle Grounds Grill

10925 Gulf Blvd.

Treasure Island, FL 33706

(727) 360-4253

middlegroundsgrill.com

Sloppy Joe's on the Beach

Sloppy Joe's on the Beach, located on Gulf Boulevard, serves seafood in a casual, family atmosphere. Patrons can stop in on Friday and Saturday nights for weekly entertainment, or drop in anytime for a tropical drink. The menu features mahi mahi, crab cakes and tilapia, as well as fish and chips, salmon and the fresh catch of the day. There is also a retail store stocked with accessories and apparel, mugs and souvenirs.

Sloppy Joe's on the Beach

10650 Gulf Blvd.

Treasure Island, FL 33706

(727) 367-1600

sloppyjoesonthebeach.com

Tags: Treasure Island, Wahoo Island, Grounds Grill, Island 33706, Middle Grounds

How & When To Plant Milk Weed

Milkweed is easy to grow and attracts butterflies.

If monarch butterflies are wanted in the garden, then milkweed is the plant to grow. Milkweed is the only plant that hosts the monarch larvae on which they feed. Milkweed is an easy-to-grow summer perennial that once in bloom keeps bringing the butterflies back. Milkweed blooms during July and August, grows to 5 feet high with a 3-foot spread. Its flower colors are white, pink and purple. Does this Spark an idea?

Seeds

Plant milkweed seeds indoors eight weeks before the average last frost date for the area. Fill the seed flats with potting soil, water them well and drain the flats before adding seeds. Scatter the seeds on the prepared planting surface 1/2-inch apart and cover them with 1/4 inch of additional soil. Mist the surface with water, ensuring that all additional soil is moist. Covering the flats prevents the seeds from drying before germination. Place the flats place under grow lights in a bright window or in a greenhouse. The seeds germinate within 10 days with a temperature of 75 degrees. Once the seedlings sprout, keep the soil moist, but not soggy, and transplant them into the garden when the last frost has passed and seedlings are 4 to 6 inches high.

Dividing

Divide milkweed into new plants by splitting the tuberous rhizome by which it spreads. Divide the roots when the plant is dormant and ensure that each rhizome piece removed has at least one bud attached. Planting the rhizomes by late fall allows the roots to grow and establish before the cold weather arrives. Water the plant well the following year. By the second year, the plants are well on their way to surviving with minimal attention.

Planting

Drought tolerant, common milkweed grows in less-than-ideal soil conditions. Swamp milkweed grows best in swampy, wet conditions. If neither is available, plant milkweed in a well-drained location in full sun and water according to the individual plant's needs. Ensure the bed is clear of weeds before planting. If planting seeds directly into the garden, remove any sod and completely clear the area of weeds or invasive plants. Seedlings and cuttings typically bloom in the second year of growth.

Seed Pods

Collect seeds from existing milkweeds for planting the following year. Once the bright blossoms fade, 4-inch long seedpods develop. Once ripe, they split open releasing the milkweed seeds. Surrounded by silklike strands, the seeds spread on the wind. If collecting the seedpods, wait until they ripen but before they open and fly from the plant.

Tags: additional soil, following year, into garden, last frost, milkweed grows, milkweed seeds

Play Slot Machines

It takes strategy to get lucky with a slot machine. Keep an eye out for "advantageous" machines and you might just hit the jackpot. Play in person at your local casino, in Vegas, or at a trusted Online Casino.

Instructions

The Slot Card

1. Go to the promotions booth at the casino you decide to play in.

2. Fill out and turn in an application for a player's card.

3. Pick up the card.

4. Insert the card in the card reader whenever you play at a machine.

5. Request a host to record your play if the card reader is broken or malfunctioning.

Play of the Machine

6. Memorize which machines are advantageous and how many credits the machines must have in order for you to play them.

7. Look for machines that have been vacated recently and left in this advantageous condition.

8. Read the instructions on the machines. This may be difficult, because the casinos place the instructions out of the line of sight to discourage you from reading them.

9. Insert money into the bill acceptor on the machine instead of hand feeding coins individually.

10. Use a reasonably sized bill for the machine you are playing. Inserting a $100 bill into a nickel machine is not a good idea.

11. Hit the spin button or pull the handle.

12. Play the machine as fast as you can. If the machine has a speed button and you can play at a high speed without making mistakes, do so.

13. Check to make sure the machine does not underpay you when you cash out. Call the change person over by hitting the change button on the slot machine, and the attendant will come to rectify the underpayment.

Tags: card reader, slot machine

Make Antique Door Furniture

Recycled Antique Doors

There are so many sources for finding antique doors. You can locate them at many antique markets. There are specialty antique dealers that deal just in antique parts and pieces from old homes and buildings. These doors are fantastic! If you look, you can find fabulous old doors to use for furniture pieces in your home. It's repurposing antique doors into something else. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. First, find a set of antique bifolds, at least three, preferably four. Now make sure the hinges are strong and if need be, reinforce or change the hinges. When they are strong and the doors will stand alone, you have created a room divider to put in the corner of a room. This is a major piece of furniture. Antique room dividers are in demand. Put them behind a bed, in the corner of a bedroom, in the corner of the den. They will enhance any room!

2. Next, use 2 large doors or 4 bifolds to create a huge headboard for your bed! If you have stained finished doors, use wax and make them shine. This makes a huge antique statement in a home. Use with old antique quilts, and other pieces of furniture that match the color. It puts your bed on a grand scale!!

3. Then, old farm doors are fabulous to put in kitchens to divide the kitchen from the dining room. When you have a farmhouse theme, or love the rough hewn furniture for kitchens and dining rooms, this is the trick to put it all over the top!!! Use old hinges to add to the effect.

4. Use an antique door to make a work table. this is beautiful in that when you use a door with glass, it reflects light and makes a room bright. When you use these doors like this, put a piece of plexiglass on top of the door so that weight will not break the original glass panes in the antique door. This will preserve the door and take all risk of breakage away!

5. Also, antique screen doors are a piece of art in themselves. There was usually carving in the wood. And this is now sought after for it's art. Use the screen doors in rooms as wall art with pieces hung on the doors such as bouquets of lavender hung to dry. They make great pot hangers above your kitchen work area in a farm house kitchen. Hang them high from chains in your ceiling. Add hooks for the pots to hang on. You can look up and admire them when you retrieve a pot from a hanger.

6. Next, get an old painted door with flaking paint! This will go with any farmhouse or shabby chic decor. Use this as a wall hanging to display quilts on, or hang shabby chic decor items all over it. Or you can use this sideways as a shabby chic headboard for a bed. You can even just stand it in a corner, as this one is, and hang an old beautiful quilt on it.

Tags: shabby chic, antique door, antique doors, chic decor, door with

Make 1 Scale Dollhouse Furniture

Make 1 Scale Dollhouse Furniture

Dollhouses and the miniature accessories and furniture that go with them have been popular in one form or another for centuries. These days, miniature dollhouse furniture is available at many hobby outlets and from hobbyists and craftspeople, but purchasing premade miniatures can be expensive and, for those who prefer a more hands-on approach to their hobby, less gratifying than making their own.

Instructions

1. Determine the original size of the furniture piece you want to make. For example, 1/12 scale means that 1 inch will equal 1 foot in real-world measurement. Use a scale calculator when designing your miniature furniture to make sure you get your measurements right (see Resources).

2. Select a type of wood to use to create your furniture. Balsa and pine work well, as they are lighter and easier to carve. Cut the individual furniture pieces from your wood using a small knife. If you're using a miniature furniture kit from a hobby store, the pieces will be pre-cut and ready to glue.

3. Sand your furniture. Use light sandpaper and light strokes to avoid removing too much wood. Then assemble your furniture using wood glue and let it dry.

4. Varnish the furniture the same way you would varnish a real wooden project. Use acrylic paints to give your miniature furniture a high-quality finish. Let dry.

5. Add any cloth adornments such as bedspreads or cushions. If you make your own, use pieces of cotton balls as stuffing.

Tags: miniature furniture, your furniture, Make Scale, Make Scale Dollhouse, Scale Dollhouse

Waterproof Running Shoes

Running in squishy, wet shoes can cause blisters and damage shoes. Some running shoes are made with a waterproof coating that help keep feet dry. Owners of untreated running shoes or shoes whose protective coating has worn off will want to waterproof them, to extend the life of the shoes and to make running in them more comfortable. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Remove dust and dirt particles with the scrub brush by moving the brush briskly back and forth across the surface of the shoes.

2. Coat deeply soiled shoes with shoe cleaner and let them soak for five minutes. Wipe the cleaner off by rubbing in a small circular motion with the soft wiping cloth. Allow them to dry completely before proceeding. This step can be omitted for new or lightly soiled shoes, but for maximum adherence and overall best results, waterproofing product should be applied to clean, dry shoes.

3. Spread the newspapers or drop cloth on a flat surface. Hold each shoe above the paper and pull the tongue of the shoe so it sticks up; if you don't, the tongue will get very little waterproofing protection. Spray the tongues and place the shoes on the protected surface.

4. Hold the can of waterproofing spray 8 inches away from the shoes and spray them with in a continuous motion. Pay extra attention to seams and the edge where the sole meets the body of the shoe because these are the places that are the most likely to leak. Let the shoes dry completely and repeat for maximum water protection.

Tags: soiled shoes, surface Hold

Living Room Decorating Rules

There's no reason to have a "cookie cutter" living room.

The interior decor of our homes is as individual as each of us. What appeals to one person may not appeal to another. While there are no hard and fast rules concerning decorate a living room, there are general guidelines that will assist even the novice decorator. Does this Spark an idea?

Utilize Color

Nothing has quite as much impact on a room as color. We associate color with everything from the mood we're in to how hungry we are. Choose a color for your walls that coordinates well with the furniture and accessories you plan to use in the room. If you're decorating a large living space, you may be able to get away with a dark, dramatic color, as dark colors tend to make spaces look cozier. If, however, your living room is small, opt for a lighter shade in a light-reflecting finish. If you're in a rental or can't change the hue of the walls for some reason, introduce color through furnishings.

Find Balance

Interior designers use what they called the 60-30-10 rule. That means the shade of your walls will make up approximately 60 percent of the color palette in your living room. 30 percent will come from a secondary color source such as furniture and drapes. Finally, 10 percent of the color in the room will be found in accessories like throw pillows, flower arrangements, art and rugs. If you use a bold color in one area of the living room, make sure to balance it by using a more neutral tone in other areas.

Scale The Room

Make sure that the scale of your furniture and other furnishings fits the size of the room. A small room can be overwhelmed and look cluttered by using oversized furniture or art. Conversely, a large room can look unfinished if the furniture is too small for the space. Finding the right balance in a room may begin with color, but it quickly depends upon furnishings being to scale.

Traffic Pattern

One of the most challenging things about putting a living room together is the placement of furniture. One basic rule of furniture placement in any room is to remember how that room is going to be used and to place furniture accordingly. Guests to your home should never have to walk around obstructions such as ottomans, coffee tables or a piano. There should always be a free path for traffic for a living room to look neat and well-planned. There are free furniture placement templates online that can help you determine where everything should go before you begin moving heavy pieces.

Light The Room

Use plenty of light. Lights, in the form of lamps or natural light pouring through the windows, will make your living room feel more spacious. It's a simple, often inexpensive, decorating tool.

Layer Accessories

The rule "less is more" absolutely applies to decorating a living room. Bring one accessory in at a time until you're satisfied that you have just enough to look finished. Too many things will not only give you more to dust, but will also make the space feel tight and messy. Don't be afraid to take items out of the room if you realize you have too much packed in.

Tags: living room, living room, your living, your living room, furniture placement

Make A Chinese Flying Paper Lantern

You lantern can be fancy or rustic, depending on the paper and pattern you use.

Chinese flying paper lanterns do more than add romantic light to an event or ceremony. The history of these fly-by-night ghosts began over 2,000 years ago, but modern versions of the lantern have improved upon material, fuel sources and sentiment. They once served as a communication tool among the army, now they mark the end of the special days in our life: birth, death and success. Give them a modern twist by adding printed graphics, or make yours look rustic with some tea-stained and textured rice paper.

Instructions

Create the Structure

1. Bend a 7-inch strip of bamboo into a circle, which will be the frame, and fix the two ends with glue. Hold the bamboo circle until the glue is firm.

2. Cut two lengths of the wire, about 5 inches long. Place one piece across the bamboo frame and wrap the ends around the bamboo. Repeat with the second piece of wire, so that they make an X across the frame.

3. Measure a 7-inch wide paper. Cut and roll it into a cylinder. Glue the bottom edge of the paper around the outside of the bamboo frame. Let the glue dry completely.

4. Make a cotton ball equivalent to three regular cotton balls put together. Soak the cotton with ethanol and wrap it around the width of a a 5-inch bamboo strip. Hang the bamboo strip on the crossing point of the wires and fix it with a small piece of wire.

5. Hold the lantern from the top end, opposite the bamboo frame and cotton ball. Light the ethanol-soaked cotton and slowly let go when you feel the lantern lift on its own.

Tags: bamboo frame, bamboo strip, cotton ball, piece wire

What Decor Goes With Leather Couches

Combine different textures and colors to decorate around your leather couches.

Leather couches can be timeless and fit into a variety of different decorating styles and color schemes. Use your leather couches as the base of the room's decor by decorating around the sofas, or decorate the room so the leather sofas are simply part of the decor, seeming to blend into the background. Does this Spark an idea?

Modern

Black, brown, cream or any color of leather sofa with clean, straight lines works with a modern decorating style. Keep things simple and clean with a few necessary pieces of furniture, such as an ottoman or glass and metal table, an end table and media center. Well-placed and interesting accessories will pull the room together, such as a plain white or cream rug for dark leather couches or a colorful geometric-patterned rug. Use one bright color as an accent color to "pop" against the neutral colors, such as red throw pillows on a white leather sofa or lime green vases on the media center. Artwork, lamps, a chandelier or other decorative items in your neutral or accent color will pull the room together. Use neutral-colored accessories for a bright red, purple, orange or other colored leather sofa.

Masculine

Dark, over-stuffed leather couches work well in a study, library, office or living room with a masculine feel. Pair the couches with dark wood panel walls or deep, rich paint. Heavy cherry wood tables, shelves, media furniture or other pieces will complement the room. Include a cherry wet bar if you like to entertain, or mix an occasional cocktail in the room. Lighten the room up with blue, green or beige accents, such as a rug, curtains and artwork. Add a few pillows, candles or flower arrangements if you want to balance the room with bits of femininity.

Family Friendly

Leather sofas are fairly easy to keep clean, and high-quality leather couches should last through all the spills, sleepovers and illnesses of your children's childhoods, which make them ideal for the family room. Add a variety of textures in the room through a rug, throws, pillows and an upholstered chair or two. Use neutral colors that work with the leather for major pieces in the room that allow the room to function through different stages of your family life. Use a storage ottoman instead of a coffee table to provide an extra seat for guests and a place to store blankets for movies and board games for game night. Put any breakable knickknacks or collectibles on higher shelves where you can look at them, but the kids can't get to them. Baskets or decorative boxes can sit on lower shelves to corral toys, games, movies, coloring books or other items the kids typically use in the room without making it look like a playroom.

Timeless

Give yourself a basic room with neutral decor that you can update and dress up when the mood strikes you. For example, a neutral-colored leather sofa, rug, curtains and tables can go from a casual beach-themed room to a sophisticated room for an elegant adults-only evening or a decked-out holiday-themed room by switching out a few key accessories, which can make the room timeless and fresh all at the same time. Put out fancy crystal vases with fresh bouquets of flowers and white scented candles in red glass hurricanes. Swap them out for glass bowls or vases filled with sand, seashells and white votive candles on the shelves surrounded by black-and-white pictures from your last trip to the beach. Put those away to show off your ice blue, silver and white snowman and snowflake Christmas decorations during the holidays. All will help make your leather couch stand out.

Tags: leather sofa, room with, leather couches, your leather, accent color

When To Protect Apple Trees From Freezing

Healthy and younger apple trees are safer from frost damage than older apple trees, but it is important to protect both. Frosts start in the early spring around March and return in the fall around October so these are the times you want to make sure to protect your apple trees. It is also important to winterize your apple trees where freezing weather will be a constant. Does this Spark an idea?

Fall

Cover the ground around the tree with fresh mulch to protect the roots of the tree. Pull any weeds that may take water away from the tree as well as trim all grass around the tree. If the tree is new or thin, wrap burlap around the tree trunk to protect it from damage in the winter. If animals such as deer are around your home, think about putting some wire around the tree to protect against damage by animals.

Winter

Water your apple tree before the ground freezes to give a little extra protection. Now is the time to prune your apple tree for the dormant season. Trim off any damaged or dead branches. Trim back any branches that are longer in length then other branches. Also, remove heavy snow that bogs down the branches of your tree throughout the winter.

Spring

When the first thaws come, begin to water your tree once a week. Remove snow and remove the old mulch around the base of the tree and apply new mulch. Fertilizing the tree now will help the root systems grow strong for the summer. After the blossoms fall, begin spraying your apple trees to prevent bugs, damage from frost and to promote apple growth. Continue to weed the area around the tree and also keep the grass trimmed around the tree.

Severe Frosts

In the event of a severe frost or several days of frost, consider covering your tree with plastic to protect from freezing temperature damage. Cover the tree before the sun goes down and uncover it when temperatures rise and the frost on the ground has disappeared.

Tags: around tree, your apple, apple trees, your apple trees, your tree, apple tree, apple trees